Growth-associated protein 43 is located in type I corticothalamic terminals in the cat visual thalamus.

Growth-associated protein 43 (GAP 43) is a presynaptic protein that has been proposed to be involved in synaptic plasticity. To determine the location of GAP 43 within the synaptic circuitry of the thalamus, immunocytochemical staining for GAP 43 was examined in a relay nucleus, the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN), and two association nuclei, the pulvinar nucleus and the lateral subdivision of the lateral posterior (LP) nucleus. In the dLGN, moderate neuropil staining was seen in the A laminae, and denser staining was found in the interlaminar zones and the C laminae. Uniform dense staining of the neuropil was found in both the pulvinar and LP nuclei. At the ultrastructural level, the GAP 43 staining was restricted to small-diameter myelinated axons, thin unmyelinated fibers, and small terminals that contained densely packed round vesicles (RS profiles) and made asymmetric synaptic contacts with small-caliber dendrites in the extraglomerular neuropil. The distribution of immunocytochemical label within the visual thalamus suggests that GAP 43 is confined to type I corticothalamic terminals and axons that originate from extrastriate cortical areas. These results also suggest that in both relay and association nuclei GAP 43 may be used to augment the cortical control of thalamic activity. In addition, these results underscore the distinction between the small type I corticothalamic terminals, which appear to contain GAP 43 throughout the visual thalamus, and the large type II corticothalamic terminals that, like the type II retinal terminals in the dLGN, do not contain GAP 43.